inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be forestalled; to be taken in; to be cheated; to be outwitted
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
dot; spot; mark (in an exam, etc.); grade; point (in a game); score; point (in geometry)
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
name (esp. on a deed, contract, etc.); moral duty; justification; pretext
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
wife; (arch.) my dear; (arch.) dear; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); embellishment
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
intention; idea; inclination; wish
to jump over; to clear; to walk over (someone)
tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
world; society; life; lifetime; age; era; reign
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
honorific/polite/humble prefix
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
please (give me); please (do for me)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to create a stir; to make waves; to raise a question about; to cause a sensation
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
(raw) ore; unpolished gemstone
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
how can (one) do something
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
picture; drawing; painting; image (TV, film, etc.); picture; footage
please; somehow or other; one way or another
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
to look after; to take care of; to be put in charge of; to be given responsibility for; to withhold (an announcement); to reserve (judgment)
fixing one's aim in life; deciding one's life goal