one-year-old; one year old
half; semi-; half-past; odd number; (arch.) han (unit of land area, approx. 595.8 m^2)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
eldest daughter; first-born daughter
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
abuse; ill-treatment; maltreatment; mistreatment; cruelty
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
arrest; apprehension; capture
popularity; public favor; condition (e.g. market); tone; character
cooking expert; culinary researcher
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
suffix for familiar person
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to stop crying; to cry oneself out
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be irritated; to get annoyed; to lose one's patience
violent; furious; extreme; intense; fervent; vehement
neck; head; dismissal (from a job); firing
to shake; to jolt; to shake (e.g. the political world); to disturb; to put off a batter (by varying one's type of pitch)
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
injury; wound; mistake; accident; loss
doubt; question; uncertainty; skepticism; scepticism; suspicion
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
babies and preschool children
search (esp. in criminal investigations); investigation; inquiry; enquiry
person concerned; people involved (in an event); those concerned; staff
by means of; due to; because of; according to
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
mundane; routine; everyday; unremarkable; common; day-to-day
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
police; police officer; police station; self-appointed enforcer (of a rule, standard, etc.); busybody
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
details; particulars; longitude and latitude; warp and weft; warp and woof
to examine; to look up; to investigate; to check up; to sense; to study
main clause; main part (of a piece of writing); text (of a judicial decision)
accused; defendant; prisoner at the bar
penal servitude; imprisonment with hard labor (hard labour)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
June; sixth month of the lunar calendar
to manage; to deal with; to cope with; to sentence; to condemn; to punish
Heisei era (1989.1.8-2019.4.30)
November; eleventh month of the lunar calendar