until now; till now; up to now; up to the present; so far
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
year; age; years; past one's prime; old age
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to touch; to come in contact with; to receive (e.g. visitor); to attend to; to receive (news); to get; to encounter
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
I'm off (and will be back later); see you later; to go (and then come back)
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
periodic; regular; routine
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to come to like; to become fond of; to fall in love
liking; being fond of; liking (romantically); being in love with; faddism; eccentricity
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
mutually; with each other; reciprocally; together; both
sense; sensation; feeling; intuition
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
difficult; hard; impossible; unfeasible; fussy; particular; gloomy
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage