wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
soft; tender; gentle; mild; informal; light
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
wall; partition; barrier; obstacle; Chinese "Wall" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to hit; to expose; to apply (e.g. patch); to put on; to allot; to call on someone (e.g. in class); to guess (an answer)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
clear weather; fine weather; formal; ceremonial; cleared of suspicion
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
law (esp. ancient East Asian criminal code); regulation; vinaya (rules for the monastic community); Ritsu (school of Buddhism); lüshi (style of Chinese poem); (musical) pitch; six odd-numbered notes of the ancient chromatic scale
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
once; one time; one round; one game; one bout; one heat
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
and; thereupon; because of that
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
to dash over oneself (e.g. water); to take (e.g. shower); to bask in (e.g. the sun); to suffer (e.g. an attack); to draw (e.g. criticism, attention, praise); to have heaped upon
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
little less than; slightly fewer than; just under; weakness; the weak
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to open (e.g. doors); to open (e.g. business, etc.); to be empty; to be vacant; to be available; to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.); to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
number one; first; best; most; game; round
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
how; in what way; how about
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
now; the present time; just now; another; more
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
hello (e.g. on phone); excuse me! (when calling out to someone)
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do