this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(written) application; application form
law (esp. ancient East Asian criminal code); regulation; vinaya (rules for the monastic community); Ritsu (school of Buddhism); lüshi (style of Chinese poem); (musical) pitch; six odd-numbered notes of the ancient chromatic scale
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
starting a business; promotion of enterprise
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
among (other things); especially; particularly; inter alia; above all (else)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
flute; fife; pipe; whistle
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; motivation; intention
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
sweet-tasting; sweet; fragrant (smelling); sweet (music); lightly salted; light in salt; naive
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
society; the world; the times
to take (someone) with one; to bring along; to go with; to be accompanied by
to repeat; to do something over again
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus); domestic chicken; chicken meat
singing voice; (sound of) singing
railway track; railway line; railroad; railway; track; line