indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
(some) more; even more; longer; further
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
thin; pale; light; watery; thin; weak (taste, etc.); little (affection, etc.) not much (of a presence)
(arch.) indicates emphasis, intention, etc.; indicates emphasis, intention, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
splendid horse; promoted bishop
to gather; to collect; to assemble
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from now; from the present moment; from this time forward; henceforth
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
I'm off; see you later; to go (and then come back)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
public matter; governmental matter; prince; duke; lord; sir
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
in that way; thus; so; so?
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
something; some kind of; for some reason
meeting; conference; session; assembly; council; convention
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
Keiō era (1865.4.7-1868.9.8)
May; fifth month of the lunar calendar
one's future; one's fate; one's way; one's path
to discuss; to talk together
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
influential; prominent; strong; likely; plausible
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)