sentence; composition; text; the literary arts (as opposed to the military arts); academia; statement
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
please; if you would; somehow or other; one way or another; whether (or not); if
will; resolution; kindness; goodwill; gift (as a token of gratitude)
to accomplish; to achieve; to complete; to carry out; to carry through
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
promise; agreement; appointment; engagement; convention; rule
Chōshū; (former) Nagato Province
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
(common) soldier; rank and file; army; troops; warfare; strategy
counter for places, parts, passages, etc.
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
shogunate; bakufu; shogun's headquarters; Imperial Guards office; residence of the Imperial Guards commander
by means of; due to; because of; according to
conquest; subjugation; overcoming; chastisement; punishment; punitive expedition
before one's very eyes; under one's nose; imminence; close at hand
person who is ...; thing that is ...
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
end; conclusion; last; final; once ...; the moment ... (, that's it)
bush clover; Japanese clover (any flowering plant of genus Lespedeza); dark red exterior with blue interior (color combination worn in autumn); Hagi (city in Yamaguchi)
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
Satsuma (former province located in the west of present-day Kagoshima Prefecture); sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
han (estate of a daimyo in the Edo and early Meiji periods); feudal domain; fief; province
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
isn't it?; let's ...; why don't we ...; how about we ...
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
to reach; to amount to; to be up to the task; to come up to; to compare with; to be a match (for)
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix