lantern bearer; flatterer; booster; brown-noser
Minister of the Imperial Household
annotation; commentary; explanatory note
waxing and waning; phases of moon
tank tread; continuous track; caterpillar track; endless track; crawler track
to go to sea; to become a sailor
well-bred; of good upbringing
letter breaking off with someone; Dear John letter
(historical) hereditary stipend
large-scale play; play with an A-list cast; big act; big charade; theatre with a government licence (Edo period)
paintings and calligraphic works
to be utterly amazed; to be stunned; to be disgusted
successive jobs; consecutive jobs
professional gambler; gangster; gang member; good-for-nothing; ne'er-do-well; hoodlum
economical; bargain; good value; good-value
residence maintained by a daimyo in Edo
to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing; to be used up; to be run out; to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)
to tower above; to stand out
changing one's attitude or response according who one is talking to or dealing with
historical materials; historical records; historical sources; archives
armor and helmet (armour)
striking just before one's opponent makes a move
expel the barbarians; expulsion of the foreigners; late Edo period (19th century) revolutionary slogan
to need; to demand; to take; to require
beginning; start; civilization; civilisation; enlightenment
wearing a kasaya; wearing an article of clothing in the same manner as a kasaya (i.e. draped over one shoulder); slashing a sword diagonally from the shoulder
four-legged tray for festive food
founding a country; opening of a country (e.g. Japan) to the world; ending (a policy of) national seclusion
change; variation; variety; diversity; inflection; declension
to clear away; to clear land; to prune; to lop off
not writing or contacting for a while; neglecting (failing) to write (call, visit, etc.); long silence
after ages; posterity; future life; the next world
defense of one's country; defence of one's country
(eating) noisily; (chewing) with an open mouth; crumpled; creased; messy; disorderly
rice plant (Oryza sativa)
to perceive; to understand
Mutsu (former province located in present-day Fukushima, Miyagi, Iwate, and Aomori prefectures)
imperial loyalist samurai of the Bakumatsu-era; patriots; idealists willing to sacrifice themselves for the good of the nation
the Tiger (third sign of the Chinese zodiac); hour of the Tiger (around 4am, 3-5am, or 4-6am); east-northeast; first month of the lunar calendar
feudal retainer or warrior