indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
disaster; accident; shipwreck; distress
after that; afterwards; thereafter
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
(United States of) America; United States; US; America (land mass); the Americas
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to pass (time); to spend; to overdo (esp. of one's alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); (arch.) to take care of; (arch.) to support
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
meaning; significance; sense
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
Tosa (former province located in present-day Kochi Prefecture)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates supposition; if ... then; when; (typically after someone's name) indicates exasperation
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
go that far; to that extent
to be shy; to be bashful; to feel awkward; to feel embarrassed
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to dig; to excavate; to delve into; to dig up (e.g. vegetables); (for two men) to have anal sex
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
drill (esp. military); training
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
to entrust (e.g. a task) to another; to leave to; to passively leave to someone else's facilities; to leave to take its natural course; to continue (something) in a natural fashion (without particular aim); to rely fully on one's (full strength, great ability, long time taken) to get something done
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey