(fighting) spirit; motivation; shout (for getting in the right mood to deal with something, etc.); cheer; kiai; short shout when performing an attacking move
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
yo!; hello there!; wow!; oh!; yah! (yell)
splendid horse; promoted bishop
honorific/polite/humble prefix
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
not writing or contacting for a while; neglecting (failing) to write (call, visit, etc.); long silence
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
surface; face (i.e. the visible side of an object); front (of a building, etc.); obverse side (i.e. "head") of a coin; outside; exterior; appearance
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
repeatedly; several times; many times
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
doing; in such a state; doing together; doing to each other; familiarizing suffix (sometimes meaning "small")
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
theme; topic; subject matter; motif; project; slogan
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
dojo; hall used for martial arts training; manda (place of Buddhist practice or meditation, esp. the place under the bodhi tree where Buddha attained enlightenment)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
style; manner; way; after (period of time) again (e.g. meeting again after a year); for the first time in (period of time)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to do completely; to do accidentally; to do without meaning to; to happen to do
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
nature; natural; spontaneous; naturally; spontaneously
sound of footsteps; sense or sign that something is approaching
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
father (esp. used in samurai families prior to the Meiji period)
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; revenge
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
in that way; thus; so; so?
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience