splendid horse; promoted bishop
sword; blade; single stroke
fashion; way; school (of thought); class; rank; current (electrical, water, etc.)
catalogue; catalog; inventory; certificate indicating an impending gift
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
Ansei era (1854.11.27-1860.3.18)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo
(art of) fencing; swordsmanship
training; practice; discipline; ascetic practices
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
to go out to meet; to receive; to welcome; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to call for; to summon
(arch.) indicates emphasis, intention, etc.; indicates emphasis, intention, etc.
finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
way of the sword; swordsmanship
to carry to extremes; to go to the end of something; to investigate thoroughly; to master
now that; since; so long as; because
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
oneself (itself, etc.); I; me; you; by oneself (itself, etc.); interjection expressing anger or chagrin
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to cut open; to clear (land); to cut (a path, road, etc.); to carve out (a new career, future, etc.); to open up (a new field)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
comfort; ease; easy; simple; (economically) comfortable; raku pottery
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
adds force or indicates command
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
suffering; distress; hardship; trial
to climb over; to get over; to surmount; to overcome; to surpass; to overtake
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but