large-scale (mechanized, mechanised) farming; wealthy farmer
woman's loincloth (worn as a kimono underskirt); single-layer absorbent bathrobe (worn during or after a bath)
Matsudaira Yoshinaga (1828-1890)
the ancestral Sun Goddess
Japan–US Treaty of Peace and Amity (March 31, 1854); Convention of Kanagawa; Kanagawa Treaty; unequal treaty signed between the United States and the Tokugawa shogunate that forced Japan to end its policy of national seclusion
three secondary Tokugawa branch families (Tayasu, Shimizu, and Hitotsubashi)
strongly and repeatedly urging (demanding, requesting, pressing)
great physical power; animal strength
(written) resignation; letter of resignation
coastal defense; coastal defence
thatching a roof (with grass); thatched roof
to be impatient; to be eager; to be restless; to be excited; to be in high spirits
withdrawal (e.g. from an organization); secession; leaving; pulling out
obstinate; stubborn; headstrong
undergoing training; learning
ball of dried, ground, fermented dyer's knotweed leaves
(arch.) person of high rank; (arch.) nobleman; wife of a nobleman
reverence for the emperor; advocate of imperial rule
training; practice; practising; cultivation
consultation; question; enquiry; inquiry
going to the capital; working in a government office
to be understood; to be comprehended; to be grasped; to become clear; to be known; to be discovered
participation; taking part; consultant; councillor; adviser
to rage; to storm (at); to be furious; to enthuse; to speak enthusiastically; to speak with vigour
opening a port (seaport, airport, etc.); starting operations at a port; opening a port to foreign vessels or trade