nth generation; nth (person to occupy a position, e.g. president)
main performer; star performer; headliner; rakugo storyteller of the highest rank
promotion; advancement; rising in rank
announcement; presentation; demonstration; displaying; showing; introducing
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
concluding festivities; concluding program; concluding programme; final day of a tournament
threefold repetition of the "ipponjime" 3-3-3-1 hand-clapping pattern to celebrate a conclusion or completion
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
good fortune (esp. omikuji fortune-telling result); good luck; auspiciousness; unspecified day of the month (used to obscure the date a letter, invitation, etc. was written)
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
on this occasion; now; in these circumstances; with this opportunity
expulsion (of a pupil); excommunication; anathema
denotes uncertainty; such things as A and B; A and B and so on; A and B and the like
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
both (hands, parents, sides, etc.); counter for carriages (e.g. in a train); counter for vehicles; ryō; tael; ryō; pre-Meiji unit of currency, orig. the value of one ryō of gold
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
reliable; trustworthy; hopeful; promising
inari and maki sushi served together
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
master; teacher; stable master
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach