indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
administrator; janitor; manager; custodian; executor
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
although I say; although one might say; although called
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
never mind that; don't worry about that; listen up
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
whereabouts; place; location; place where one belongs; where one fits in; place where one can be oneself
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
quantity; amount; volume; number; amount of money
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
counter for occurrences; a time; an instance; inning (baseball); round; episode; chapter
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it; I mean
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
assault; outrage; act of violence; rape; sexual assault
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid