famous sword; sword blade by Masamune; sake; Japanese rice wine; brand of sake from Nada region during Tenpō era (1830-1844)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to take (a photo); to record (video, audio, etc.); to make (a film)
photograph; photo; picture; moving picture; movie
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
being selected (for a prize, exhibition, etc.); being accepted; winning
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
(some) more; even more; longer; further
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
10th month of the lunisolar calendar (traditional first month of winter, approx. November); late autumn; late fall
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to move forward; to move on
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
finally; at last; barely; narrowly; gradually; little by little
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
number one; first; best; most; game; round