indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; first name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Kanjani Eight, Japanese pop group; Kansai Johnny's junior
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
entertainer (esp. boy band or girl group member) whose image is manufactured to cultivate a dedicated consumer fan following; Japanese idol; (cultural) icon; idol; idol (object of worship); image
to resign; to retire; to quit; to leave (one's job, etc.)
inconsequential; indifferent; not worth worrying about; whatever; whichever; I don't care
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
miserable; pitiable; shameful; deplorable; pathetic
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
myself; yourself; I; me; you
frantic; frenetic; inevitable death; brinkmate (inevitable checkmate)
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
to bark; to howl; to howl (e.g. of the wind); to roar; to yell; to cry
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
to be found; to be discovered
honorific/polite/humble prefix
mother-in-law; foster mother; step mother
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
trouble; bother; annoyance
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
cut; clip; shear; reap; trim; prune