father; dad; husband; you; he
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
remainder of one's life; one's remaining days; time left (to live)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
approximately; about; promise; appointment; shortening; reduction
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)
please (give me); please (do for me)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to return (something); to restore; to turn over; to turn upside down; to pay back; to retaliate; to respond (with)
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
the person in question; prominent figure; distinguished person; that person
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
rule; regulation; settlement; conclusion; habit; custom
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
family; members of a family