a person without a single relative
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
seal; to seal (e.g. a letter); to affix a seal; to seal up
monster cat; cat with magical powers
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
to be rejuvenated; to feel young again
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
one day; all day (long); throughout the day; first day of the month
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
freebie (e.g. with a purchase); something additional; price reduction; discount; exaggeration
furnished with; including; attached to; impression; appearance; luck; sociality
wherein; therein; thereinto
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to resign; to retire; to quit; to leave (one's job, etc.)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
reason; significance; cause; piece of information that one has heard; I hear that ...; it is said that ...
village; hamlet; countryside; country
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
to leave alone; to leave as is; to ignore; to neglect
second month of the lunar calendar
violet (any flower of genus Viola, esp. the Fuji dawn, Viola mandshurica)
university student; college student
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed