safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
curry (esp. Japanese curry); rice and curry
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
honorific/polite/humble prefix
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
suffix for familiar person
tree sparrow (Passer montanus); talkative person; knowledgeable person
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
sorry; excuse me; thank you
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
no; you're welcome; not at all; don't mention it
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
junior (at work, school, etc.); younger people; younger student
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
soon; before long; slowly; quietly; already; about time
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
holiday house; vacation home; villa; prison; jail
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
to call on someone; to call at a place; to ask; to inquire; to hear; to be told
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays