from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to leak out; to escape; to find expression; to give vent; to leak out; to be divulged
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to strike; to clap; to play drums; to abuse; to bash; to consult; to sound out
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
spirit; sprite; energy; vigor (vigour); fine details; semen
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
knock; knocking; fungo hitting; hitting balls for fielding practice
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
temple; shrine; hall; company; (arch.) front room
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
ringtone (of mobile phones, portable phones, cellphones, etc.)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
inside the Imperial Palace; Department of the Imperial Household
time; hour; period; class
myself; yourself; I; me; you