to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
occupation; profession; job; vocation; career; trade
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
woman; female; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
(in the) same house; (under the) same roof
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to live (on, by, etc.); to lead a life; to make a living; to earn a livelihood; to spend one's time (doing); to pass one's days (doing)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
somehow; for some reason; without knowing why
every month; each month; monthly
1,000,000; one million; million; many
yen (currency of Japan); circle
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to lay across; to build across; to hand over; to hand in
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention; motive
what is it (that); the meaning of something; what something is about
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
(written) invitation; letter of invitation
to receive; to get; to accept; to take (someone's words or behaviour); to interpret; to understand
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
to gather; to collect; to assemble
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
by means of; due to; because of; according to