indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
dawn; daybreak; event (e.g. "in the event of ..."); occasion; occurrence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris); squealer; rat; loser; asshole; counterfeit
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
adds force or indicates command
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
secretary (government); director; chief
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
in that way; thus; so; so?
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's