indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
Tokyo Metropolis (prefecture); Tokyo metropolitan area
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
independence; self-reliance; independence (e.g. of a nation); freedom; separation; isolation
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
first generation; founder
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
declaration; proclamation; announcement
ambition; aspiration; sinister designs; treachery
achievement; attainment; accomplishment; realization
in order to do; for the purpose of doing
declaration of independence
forcing; enforcement; forced; enforced
collar; lapel; neckband; nape of the neck; scruff of the neck
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
real intention; true motive; true will; original intention; original purpose; original hope
to correct; to rectify; to reform; to straighten (one's posture, collar, etc.); to adjust
in order to; for the purpose of; must; should
getting closer; drawing nearer; being not much different; being near (age, skill, etc.); becoming close (i.e. friendly); becoming intimate
crisis; critical situation; emergency; pinch
to fall into (e.g. a hole); to fall into (chaos, depression, dilemma, illness, etc.); to fall into (a trap, etc.); to fall; to surrender
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
dawn; daybreak; event (e.g. "in the event of ..."); occasion; occurrence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
to approach; to draw near; to get close; to get acquainted with; to get closer to; to get to know
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")