Common Era; CE; Christian Era; Western (Gregorian) calendar
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
the future (usually distant); future tense; the world to come
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
darkness; the dark; bewilderment; despair; hidden place; secrecy
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to wrap up; to pack; to cover; to envelop; to conceal (a feeling); to hide
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
present age; present day; today; modern era; modern times
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be added to; to be appended; to join in (e.g. a group of friends); to participate; to increase (e.g. heat); to gain in (e.g. influence)
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
union; unity; bundling; binding; (arch.) putting on (clothes, armour, etc.)
to strengthen; to emphasize; to emphasise
end; tip; end (of the year, month, etc.); close; youngest child; descendants; offspring
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
order; command; decree; (software) instruction; statement
by means of; due to; because of; according to
ryokan; traditional inn; Japanese-style lodging, usu. professionally-run
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
another time; again; over again; formally; especially; intentionally
wonderful; splendid; magnificent
real feeling; actual feeling; to actually feel; to have a real feeling (that ...); to experience personally
opposite side; bottom; rear; back; lining; inside; in the shadows
terrible; dreadful; terrifying; surprising; startling; tremendous
plan; project; schedule; scheme; program; programme
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
as was expected; just as one thought; sure enough; really; actually; ever