to be silent; to say nothing
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates two contrasting actions; (arch.) indicates possessive (often found in place names and compound words)
plan; project; schedule; scheme; program; programme
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to stop (doing); to cease; to desist; to drop; to lay off; to give up
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to swear; to vow; to take an oath; to pledge
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
accommodation; taking in; imprisonment; detention; containing (e.g. words in a dictionary); adding
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
super-; ultra-; extremely; really; of course; definitely
star (usu. excluding the Sun); planet (usu. excluding Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); asterisk; star (actor, player, etc.); dot; spot
god; deity; god-tier; incredible; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to hold (in one's hand); to take (into one's hand); to own; to obtain
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
caution; admonition; prohibition; ban; punishment; (arch.) caution
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
to lose; to miss (a chance, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
how; in what way; by what means
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise