person from (the planet of)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
aggression; invasion; raid
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
without (doing); instead of; if (it) isn't done; if (one) doesn't do ...; if not ...; unless ...
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
leaf; blade (of grass); (pine) needle
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
expert; learned person; doctor; PhD; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryo period); pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to entrust (someone) with; to leave (a matter) with someone; to have someone deliver (a message, parcel, etc.); to send (through someone); to use (something) to express (one's feelings, opinion, etc.); to express in the form of (something)
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
crime; sin; penalty; sentence; fault; responsibility
song; singing; classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka); modern poetry
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be solved; to be resolved; to loosen; to come untied; to be removed (of restrictions); to be lifted (e.g. a ban)
to rescue from; to help out of; to save
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
material; substance; matter
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
discovery; detection; finding
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
Chinese "star" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); Singapore
base (military, expedition, etc.)
commandant; commanding officer; general
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to tell; to inform; to announce; to indicate; to signal; to mark
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)