base (of a plant, tree, pillar, etc.); (part near the) root; roots (of one's hair); root (e.g. of a problem); source
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
princess; spoiled girl; hothouse flower; glue
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
honorific/polite/humble prefix
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
(period of) a year; during the era (of)
important; serious; valuable; precious; serious matter; major incident
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
finally; in the end; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
queen; female monarch; queen consort; consort of a king; queen; princess
that day; the very same day
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
please (give me); please (do for me)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
opposition; resistance; antagonism; reverse; opposite; inverse
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
hello (e.g. on phone); excuse me! (when calling out to someone)
perhaps; possibly; maybe; if; in case; in the event that
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)