to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pile up; to heap up; to stir up; to enliven; to bring to a climax
to be helpful; to be dependable; to stand by (someone)
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
riches; wealth; resources; lottery
good (quality, condition, etc.); Good (grade); B
plain; field; hidden (structural) member; wild; lacking a political post
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
Hokkaido (island, prefectural-level administrative unit)
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
in succession; one after another
trouble; bother; trouble; difficulty; care; attention
to come fluttering in (e.g. leaves, snow, flowers, etc.); to come dancing in; to drop in unexpectedly; to happen unexpectedly
preventing (someone) from leaving; confinement; keeping indoors; being stranded; grounding
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
scenery; scene; landscape
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
pure white; blank (e.g. mind, paper)
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to be about to leave; to be just going out
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
municipal office; council; city hall
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris); squealer; rat; loser; asshole; counterfeit
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least