until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
fidelity; honour; honor; chastity (of a woman); faithfulness (e.g. to one's husband)
wife; (arch.) my dear; (arch.) dear; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); embellishment
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty
male help; male labor; man's handwriting; (arch.) kanji
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
pity; sorrow; pitiable; pitiful; alack; alas
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
belonging to (a group, organization, etc.); affiliation (with); being attached to; being under the control of
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
company president; manager; director
compact disk; CD; cash dispenser; (negotiable) certificate of deposit
counter for flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper); (arch.) counter for positions or roles; (arch.) counter for food portions (now only gyōza and soba); counter for ranking level
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
neck; head; dismissal; discharge
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
person who gets easily elated (when praised, etc.); person who readily chimes in with others; person who gets carried away easily
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
beginning; outset; first; onset
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
support group; fan club; (election) committee
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
red and white; colours for festive or auspicious occasions (colors); two teams; two groups; Kōhaku Uta Gassen; annual contest between male and female popular singers on New Year's Eve (sponsored and broadcast by NHK)
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
aid; assistance; help; cheering; rooting (for); support