until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
half the amount (of money); half price; half fare
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
good thing; strong point; good family; prestigious school; the right moment; utter
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
fidelity; honour; honor; chastity (of a woman); faithfulness (e.g. to one's husband)
wife; (arch.) my dear; (arch.) dear; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); embellishment
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty
male help; male labor; man's handwriting; (arch.) kanji
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
pity; sorrow; pitiable; pitiful; alack; alas
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
household economy; family finances
severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
song; singing; classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka); modern poetry
thanks to ...; owing to ...; because of ...
to do over again; to redo; to start over; to remake; to resume; to recommence