indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
rescue worker; emergency rescue team member; ambulance attendant; paramedic
to come down; to go down; to hang; to dangle; to move back; to step back; to deteriorate
please (give me); please (do for me)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to take down; to bring down; to drop off (a passenger); to let off; to withdraw (money); to use for the first time; to wear for the first time
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
reality; actuality; practice (as opposed to theory); truly; really; bhutakoti (limit of reality)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
misfortune; bad luck; ill luck; ill fortune
contrived; false-sounding
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
being in charge of (esp. a class or subject); taking charge of; class teacher; homeroom teacher; form teacher
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it,...; I mean
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to serve (in a bowl, on a plate, etc.); to dish out; to pile up; to heap up; to administer (medicine, poison); to dose out; to put into (e.g. information in a report, meaning in a statement)
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
wood; woods; forest; bunch (of something); cluster; line
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)