indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to have an accident; to meet with an accident
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
memory; recollection; remembrance; storage
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to lose; to miss (a change, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
uncertain; vague; ambiguous
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
sure; certain; reliable; trustworthy; If I'm not mistaken; If I remember correctly
wife; (arch.) my dear; (arch.) dear; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); embellishment
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
somehow; for some reason; without knowing why
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
mask; disguise; guise; mask
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
father; dad; husband; you; he
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
brain waves; electroencephalogram; EEG
oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
sorry; excuse me; thank you
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
does not seem; unlikely; improbable
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
what is called; as it is called; the so-called; so to speak