to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
by a strange coincidence; in an unexpected turn of events; by chance; by accident
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to jump out; to rush out; to appear (suddenly); to protrude; to project; to butt in
house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to run into; to rush into; to (run and) seek refuge in; to take shelter in
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
buried gold; buried treasure
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
obstruction; check; hindrance; prevention; impediment; interdiction
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to paint (draw) a picture
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
worth; merit; value; good point; redeeming feature; saving grace
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to be tied together; to be connected to; to lead to; to be related to; to be related (by blood)
serious; important; significant; grave; weighty
clue; lead; key; handhold; hold
to clasp; to grasp; to hold (the answer); to have (e.g. the solution); to seize (power); to hold (the reins)
nobleman; dignitary; feudal lord (of the Edo period); daimyō; man brought up away from the world; arrogant man with little knowledge of the ways of the world
row; line; company (of someone); group; sequence; counter for rows
to disappear into; to slip into; to be lost in; to be mixed up with
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to disappear into; to be lost in; to do something under the cover of (confusion, etc.); to be almost indistinguishable; to be confusingly similar; to be diverted from (negative emotions, etc.)
rescue; extricate; reclaim; deliverance
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to try; to attempt; to have a go (at something)
secret; clandestine; covert; spy (for a daimyo, shogun, etc.); secret agent
class (of students); group (of people); party; lot; bunch; crime family; organized-crime syndicate
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris); squealer; rat; loser; asshole; counterfeit
encounter; being confronted with (e.g. difficulty); meeting with (e.g. accident)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed