bottle; jar; decanter; flagon; phial; vial
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to break; to be smashed; to split; to crack; to be divided (opinion, vote, etc.); to split (e.g. of a party); to come to light
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
reimbursement; compensation; reparation; indemnity
natural; right; proper; naturally; as a matter of course; rightly
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to pay (e.g. money, bill); to brush off; to wipe away; to drive away (e.g. one's competitors); to sell off (something unneeded); to dispose of; to pay (e.g. attention)
how much; something over; and something; however (much); no matter how
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
older brother; elder brother; young man; buddy; fella
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
skip it; drop it; I've had enough (e.g. when offered something); that's enough
degree; extent; (health) condition; state of health; adjustment; moderation; addition and subtraction
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
the other day; lately; recently
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work