pleasant smell; aroma; fragrance; pleasant-smelling vegetation
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
chief; head (of an office, of a laboratory)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
order; command; decree; (software) instruction; statement
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
risky; dangerous; suggestive; bordering on the obscene; (arch.) extreme; (arch.) harsh
victory or defeat; match; contest; game
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
10^8; 100,000,000; hundred million
interest; rights; concession
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
defeat; loss; failing to live up to (one's name, looks, etc.); discount; loss (on a sale)
search (esp. in criminal investigations); investigation; inquiry; enquiry
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to stretch; to extend; to straighten out; to be flattened; to spread (of paint, cream, etc.); to stretch out (e.g. of a hand); to extend
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
back; rear; background; behind the scenes
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
round coin with a (square) hole in the center; coin made of non-precious materials; money
Mt.; Mount; (fig.) Mt.; (fig.) Mount
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
important person; influential figure; big shot; big thing; big one; big game
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon)
deplorable; regrettable; disappointing; vexing; unfortunate
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
Metropolitan Police Department (esp. Tokyo)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
investigator (usu. of criminal cases)
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...