you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
sunset; sundown; end; close; year-end; end of the year
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
signboard; sign; draw; attraction; reputation (of a shop); name
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
complete; completion; perfection; accomplishment
plans; arrangement; schedule; program; programme; expectation
gold (Au); golden (color); valuable; of highest value; money; gold coin; Friday
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
the other day; a few days ago
prefecture (Japan); county (China, Taiwan, Norway, etc.); department (France); province (Italy, Spain, etc.)
election; selection; choice
round coin with a (square) hole in the center; coin made of non-precious materials; money
Mt.; Mount; (fig.) Mt.; (fig.) Mount
member of an assembly; member of the Diet; member of parliament; member of Congress
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
construction; establishment
opposition; resistance; antagonism; reverse; opposite; inverse
to raise; to bring to (someone's attention); to appeal to (reason, emotions, etc.); to work on (one's emotions); to complain; to sue (a person)
meeting; assembly; association; conjunction
attendance; presence; appearance
advance (into a new market or stage of progress); launching (a new career or venture); expanding (into a new market); stepping forward; emerging