secretary (government); director; chief
general affairs; general business; manager; director; adjutant general
section manager; section chief
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to turn one's hand to; to reach out one's hand; to get involved in; to make a move on; to strike; to beat
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
surrender (to the authorities); giving oneself up; turning oneself in
should; must; -able; probably; likely
whether or not (in phrases like "I don't know whether or not I can come")
bitterness; distress; pain; bitterness and astringency
to approach; to draw near; to be imminent; to press (someone for something); to urge; to compel
to stub out (e.g. a cigarette); to crush out; to smother (fire); to hush up; to cover up; to stifle
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
concealment; suppression; hiding
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
offender; criminal; culprit
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
present post; current office; (an) incumbent
police officer; policeman; policewoman
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
establishing; proving; ascertaining; identifying; confirming
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
top brass; upper echelon; higher-ups; top management; upper reaches; top of the pile
disquieting; threatening; turbulent; restless; unsettled; disturbing
movement; move; motion; trend; development; change
to perceive; to sense; to take in; to grasp; to feel
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university