indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to make merry; to be festive
towards; against; regarding; in contrast with
work (e.g. book, film, composition, etc.); opus; performance; production
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to cure; to heal; to fix; to correct; to do over again; to replace
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indication; denotation; designation; instructions; directions
at that time; in those days; at that moment; then
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to lead; to spearhead (a group); to command (troops)
to begin; to set about; to start
at the same time; concurrently; simultaneously; coinciding (with)
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
potentiality; likelihood; possibility; availability
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
work (film, book); production; creation; turning (something) out
astonishment; amazement; surprise; fright; shock
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
announcement; publication; presenting; statement; communique; making known
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
you bastard!; you son of a bitch!
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to step aside; to move (i.e. out of the way); to make way
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
to persuade; to coax; to solicit; to seduce; to make advances; to make a play
alone; by oneself; on one's own
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
such (about the actions of the listener, or about ideas expressed or understood by the listener); like that; that sort of
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
what did you just say (to me)?; what's that?
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
to strike; to clap; to play drums; to abuse; to bash; to consult; to sound out
(following a verb) to be sure to; to do (something) so that ...; to make sure to; to try to
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)