indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
to touch; to feel; to get involved (with); to approach; to be harmful to; to hinder
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
never mind that; don't worry about that; listen up
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
foot; paw; leg; gait; pace; bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji; means of transportation
to take down; to bring down; to drop off (a passenger); to let off; to withdraw (money); to use for the first time; to wear for the first time
throwing down multiple objects in succession; at once in great numbers
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
the front; honesty; uprightness; decency; normality
care; looking after; trouble; bother; good offices; recommendation
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
no matter how much time passes
to come of age; to become an adult; to become fully qualified; to stand on one's own
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
to feel down; to feel sad; to be in a slump (business, economy, etc.); to be in an unfavourable condition; to fall into (e.g. a hole)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...