counter for leaves in a book (esp. one with traditional Japanese-style binding); counter for blocks of tofu; counter for servings in a restaurant; counter for long and narrow things such as guns, scissors, spades, hoes, inksticks, palanquins, candles, jinrikishas, shamisen, oars, etc.; even number; 109.09 m
10^20; 100,000,000,000,000,000,000; hundred quintillion
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
oneself (itself, etc.); I; me; you; by oneself (itself, etc.); interjection expressing anger or chagrin
rather; better; instead; if anything
lukewarm; tepid; lenient; (arch.) slow; (arch.) stupid
even if; no matter (what); if; though; although; supposing
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
adds force or indicates command
bravery; courage; heroism
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
Ryukyu; chain of southwestern Japanese islands comprising Okinawa Prefecture
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
unity; consolidation; uniformity; unification; compatible
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
Shō clan (royal family of the Ryukyu Kingdom)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
magatama; comma-shaped bead from prehistoric Japan, usually made of jade
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
equality; impartiality; evenness
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
pleasant smell; aroma; fragrance; pleasant-smelling vegetation
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
side (of something, or taking someone's side); part; (watch) case
well then ...; in that situation; in which case