older brother; elder brother
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
true character; true form; true colors (colours); consciousness; one's senses
to pass (the night); to spend; to reveal; to divulge; to prove; to verify
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Satsuma (former province located in the west of present-day Kagoshima Prefecture); sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to borrow; to have a loan; to rent; to hire
to decide to; to pretend that; to make a practice of doing; to make it a rule to
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
temporary residence or shelter
to deliver; to extradite; to stretch across; to hand over
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
rather; better; instead; if anything
lukewarm; tepid; lenient; (arch.) slow; (arch.) stupid
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
parent; parents; dealer (in cards, mahjong, etc.); banker; founder; inventor; (pet) owner
above the clouds; the heavens
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
alone; by oneself; on one's own
to suffer; to groan; to be worried
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
Ryukyu; chain of southwestern Japanese islands comprising Okinawa Prefecture
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for