indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
disliked; hated; tendency; smack (of); distinction; discrimination
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
sect; denomination; tenets (of a religious sect)
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to flush out (game, etc.); to drive (animals); to beat; to urge; to spur on; to push on
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
proof; evidence; certificate; license; to testify (usu. Christian religious context); enlightenment
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
murder; homicide; manslaughter
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
cheap; rash; thoughtless; careless
victim; injured party; sufferer
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
there; over there; genitals; private parts; that far; that much
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
crime; criminal act; offence; offense
to clasp; to grasp; to hold (the answer); to have (e.g. the solution); to seize (power); to hold (the reins)
offender; criminal; culprit
to take away; to carry away
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
for today; for the time being
for now; for the time being; for the present; though not quite satisfactorily; after a fashion