tear; tears; lachrymal secretion; sympathy
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
from afar; over a great distance; all the way
surface; face (i.e. the visible side of an object); front (of a building, etc.); obverse side (i.e. "head") of a coin; outside; exterior; appearance
road approaching a shrine
senior high school; high school
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
plan; project; schedule; scheme; program; programme
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
chorus; singing in a chorus
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
to be handed down; to be introduced; to be transmitted; to be circulated; to go along; to walk along
love; affection; attachment; craving; agape; Ireland
song; singing; classical Japanese poem (esp. tanka); modern poetry
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to track down; to locate; to find out; to smoke out; to ferret out; to chase up
just before; on the verge of; on the brink of; just in front of; just ahead of
reconciliation (with one's spouse, adopted child, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
hard struggle; strenuous effort
end; tip; end (of the year, month, etc.); close; youngest child; descendants; offspring
one army; whole army; first string players; the cool kids; the popular kids
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
truancy; school non-attendance
member of a (school) club who does not partake in the club's activities
to drag into; to pull into; to lure inside; to win over; to entice into
advance or retreat; moving forwards or backwards; course of action; behaviour; remaining in one's post or resigning; staying or leaving
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
contest between two groups; intra-squad game
to look out on; to overlook; to face (a situation, crisis, etc.); to meet (e.g. death); to deal with (an issue); to attend (e.g. a function)
vice-minister (Meiji period); undersecretary
aid; assistance; help; cheering; rooting (for); support