vice-minister (Meiji period); undersecretary
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
lively; full of spirit; energetic; healthy; well; fit
to build up; to establish; to form; to become (a state); to accomplish; to achieve; to change into
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
sometime; someday; one day; some time or other; the other day; in due course
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
house; one's house; one's home; one's family
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
failure; mistake; blunder
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to be useful; to be helpful; to serve the purpose
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
suffix for familiar person
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to cry; to weep; to sob; to howl