oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
school festival; cultural festival; annual open day school event showcasing student talent
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
trouble (I have put you through); (your) hard work; thank you (for your hard work); I appreciate your efforts
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
no; you're welcome; not at all; don't mention it
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
recollection; retrospection; reflection; reminiscence
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
natural; reasonable; obvious; usual; common; ordinary
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well ...; I think ...
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow (handling, dealing with something); anyhow; one way or another
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
composition; piece of music; tune; melody; enjoyment; fun
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
he; she; this; this one; hey, you!; you bastard!
elder brother; big brother; one's senior; one's elder; old ingredients; stale ingredients
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to lend; to loan; to rent out; to hire out; to hand (over); to give
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
expresses a firm view or feeling; please ...; would you ...
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
distinction; difference; separate; different; exception; exclusion
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it; I mean