this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to have more wins than losses; to lead someone (by no. of matches); to take the lead over an opponent (in points)
counter for occurrences; a time; an instance; inning (baseball); round; episode; chapter
lost point (in a game); point given away; run charged to the pitcher; blunder; mistake
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
contents; content; substance; matter; detail; import
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
living thing; living creature; animal; life
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
being very active; being very useful; playing a very active part; making a spectacular showing; great efforts; splendid work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
stage (theatre, theater); scene or setting (e.g. of novel, play, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
female office worker; office lady; overlap; orienteering
temporary transfer (of an employee); secondment; relocation; proceeding to; leaving for
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
new rice; first rice crop of the year; novice; beginner; newcomer
caretaker (at a zoo or aquarium); keeper; attendant; breeding staff
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
hard fighting; hard struggle; fighting against heavy odds
contact; connectedness; rapport; mutual touching
to wake (someone) up (by calling for them); to awaken; to call (to mind); to bring back (memories); to evoke
Urashima Tarō; (a) Rip van Winkle; fairy-tale fisherman who, after visiting the underwater Palace of the Dragon King, returns centuries later
Palace of the Dragon King; palace from the story of Urashima Taro (said to be located at the bottom of the sea)
to take someone (to some place); to take someone along; to lead someone away
tortoise; turtle; heavy drinker; turtle crest; turtle mon
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very