feudal lord; (arch.) mansion; (arch.) palace
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
plot; scheme; trick; design; intrigue; artifice
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
to endure; to keep out (e.g. rain); to pull through; to get over; to surpass; to outdo
straight; directly; voyage; journey; straight road
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
one's home; hometown; native place; birthplace
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
line; queue; procession; matrix
Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
narrow; confined; small; limited; narrow-minded; confining
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
in succession; one by one
plan; policy; means; fifth principle of the Eight Principles of Yong; right upward flick
to draw (a thread); to let out (e.g. a rope); to head out as a group; to set out in large numbers; to send out one after another; to dispatch
fingers; fingertips; underling; stooge; tool
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
snare; trap (for catching wild game, etc.); trap (i.e. ruse, subterfuge, etc.)
to start; to begin; to challenge; to pick (a fight); to set (traps); to plant (explosives)
person; character; one's character; one's personality; able person; talented person
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to determine (esp. a culprit or underlying cause); to pin down; to ascertain; (arch.) to stab to death
one more; another; the other; not quite; not very good
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to miss (capturing); to fail to catch; to let slip
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
party; group; troop; one act; one action; one deed
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
deep; profound; dense; thick; close (relationship); intense; strong
lodging; inn; house; home; home of a servant's parents (or guarantor, etc.)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to