indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
now; the present time; just now; another; more
happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
date (with someone); (social) outing (for two); date night; date (day)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to come to like; to become fond of; to fall in love
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
occasion; time; section (of a literary work); paragraph; season; term; principle
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
oak; daimyo oak; Japanese emperor oak; Quercus dentata
original; primitive; primary; fundamental; raw
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
right; correct; proper; righteous; just
inconsequential; indifferent; not worth worrying about; whatever; whichever; I don't care
damn; damn it; feces; excrement; damn; damned; very
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
space alien; alien; extraterrestrial being
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good