by myself; in person; by oneself
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
wife; bride; (one's) daughter-in-law
tatami mat; Japanese straw floor coverings
cleaning; sweeping; dusting; scrubbing
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
Kira Kōzukenosuke (1641-1702)
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to serve; to work for; to attend
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
make-up; makeup; cosmetics
deep (colour); dark; strong (flavour, smell, etc.); thick (consistency); dense; strong (possibility, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
poison; toxicant; harm; evil influence; ill will; spite
apple (fruit); apple tree (Malus pumila)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to serve (in a bowl, on a plate, etc.); to dish out; to pile up; to heap up; to administer (medicine, poison); to dose out; to put into (e.g. information in a report, meaning in a statement)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to bear; to stand; to support; to withstand; to be fit for; to be equal to
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
two persons; two people; pair; couple
to see someone off (at a station, an airport, etc.); to escort (e.g. home); to follow something with one's eyes until it is out of sight; to let pass; to pass up (an opportunity etc.); to shelve (a plan, deliberation on a bill, etc.); to postpone
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
paradise; heaven; Kingdom of Heaven
to arrive at (after a struggle); to finally reach; to find one's way to; to finally hit on (e.g. an idea)
whether or not (in phrases like "I don't know whether or not I can come")
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
God; god; ace; king; superior person
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like