beginning; start; first (in line, etc.); origin; such as ...; not to mention ...
father; dad; husband; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); he
to raise; to raise up; to wake; to wake up; to cause; to bring about; to start
ugh; yuck; ick; blech; damn; crap
to get flustered; to get flurried; to get agitated; to become impatient; to hurry
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
to finish; to end; to have a result less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
special adoption; plenary adoption; adoption in which the relationship with the biological parents is dissolved
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
system; institution; organization; organisation
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
even; (if) only; just; besides; on top of that
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
married couple; husband and wife; man and wife
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
biological parent; real parent
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to use (a brush, chopsticks, etc.); to move
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
boy; son; baby boy; young man
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
parent; parents; dealer; banker; founder; inventor; (pet) owner
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
determination; resolution
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
hey!; say!; I say!; I; me
dental brushing; brushing one's teeth; dentifrice; toothpaste; tooth powder
horizontal (as opposed to vertical); side-to-side (as opposed to front-to-back); width; side (of a box, etc.); beside; aside
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
the vertical; height; front-to-back; length; north-to-south; vertical (relationship)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise